Transformations in employment and productive systems driven by megatrends of change have stimulated a renewal in lifelong learning systems for the purpose of supporting adult professional paths and promoting inclusion and cohesion. A study on evolution paths outlined over the last twenty years in Germany, France and the United Kingdom as regards lifelong learning systems showed a wide diversity still rooted in the differences among the social, economic and institutional systems of these three Countries. What they have in common is the scarce effectiveness proven by strategies and measures implemented by their respective governments in recent years to curb inequalities in access to training. In the last few years though, a renewed effort was observed with universal vocation measures and tools being defined, by strengthening the individual dimension of training. Nonetheless, this process is liable to be coupled with a resizing of the collective scope of training.
